Identity and synonyms
Catalog label is recorded; analytical identity and equivalence are not established.
Nonpeptide agent · Nonpeptide small molecule
Detailed molecular class: Nonpeptide agent; see mechanism for subtype
Supplied sequence or chemical reference
PubChem CID: 17513
Molecular formula: C9H14N4O5
IUPAC: 5-amino-1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]imidazole-4-carboxamide
Source: PC-AICAR
Database chemical reference; does not certify supplier vial, salt, isomer or formulation.
Mechanism
AICAR/acadesine is converted intracellularly to ZMP; it modulates energy signaling including AMPK, with effects not exclusive to AMPK.
Evidence and critical reading
Reported scientific and empirical uses
Reported muscle and performance
Promoted as an exercise mimetic; clinical acadesine development studied other aims, including coronary surgery.
Human evidence
RED-CABG randomized 3,080 patients and stopped for futility; the primary outcome was similar. It does not establish a safe exercise substitute in healthy people.
Preclinical evidence
Do not equate mechanism, cell culture or animal work with a clinical outcome. The specific level is detailed in the evidence assessment.
Critical reading and limitations
RED-CABG randomized 3,080 patients and stopped for futility; the primary outcome was similar. It does not establish a safe exercise substitute in healthy people.
RED-CABG randomized 3,080 patients and stopped for futility; the primary outcome was similar. It does not establish a safe exercise substitute in healthy people.
Source-specific regimens
Descriptive source observations, not individual recommendations.
Regulatory product labeling
No numerical human dose is assigned: reviewed sources did not verify a regimen attributable to this material, route and indication. Other molecules’ doses, animal exposures, vial amounts and dietary requirements are not substituted.
Human-study exposure
No numerical human dose is assigned: reviewed sources did not verify a regimen attributable to this material, route and indication. Other molecules’ doses, animal exposures, vial amounts and dietary requirements are not substituted.
Empirical handbook
No numerical human dose is assigned: reviewed sources did not verify a regimen attributable to this material, route and indication. Other molecules’ doses, animal exposures, vial amounts and dietary requirements are not substituted.
Regulation and safety
Jurisdiction-specific regulatory context
This record does not verify FDA/EMA authorization of the commercial identity. Where a specific medicine/product exists, jurisdiction/indication are detailed in cited sources; they do not transfer to supplier material.
Adverse effects and unknowns
Brief hospital exposure does not determine chronic research-market safety; identity, metabolism and interactions need separate evaluation.
Contraindications
A complete list must match the exact authorized product. For experimental materials without verified human labeling, a complete contraindication set is not established here. No list does not mean safety.
Interactions
Separate documented interaction, pharmacologic plausibility and unknown interaction. Absence of a blend trial does not establish compatibility.
Studies and trials
Selected studies
No selected studies are attributed in this record.
Trials attributed in the package
No trials are attributed in this record.
Trial registration does not establish efficacy or validate commercial material.
Query candidates; attribution pending
AICAR · 2 unfiltered query results, not authenticated trials
Query verification: October 16, 2026
Exact phrase intervention query; first three most recently updated records, not exhaustive. Aliases may be missed and heterogeneous products may appear. The total is the unfiltered registry query count, not authenticated trials. Source-integrity holds are excluded from ordinary listings.
View trial registry queryNCT00168519 · Contraction (Exercise) Mediated Glucose Uptake as a Therapeutic Target in Type 2 DiabetesRegistry status: CompletedLast update posted: December 15, 2009Query verification: October 16, 2026
NCT00004314 · Phase II Pilot Study of Aminoimidazole Carboxamide Riboside (AICAR), a Precursor of Purine Synthesis, for Lesch-Nyhan DiseaseRegistry status: CompletedLast update posted: June 24, 2005Query verification: October 16, 2026
Source issues and references
References include queries and bibliographic handbook attributions; not all are clinical studies. Human review remains pending.
- PC-AICAR
October 16, 2026
- PMID22782417
Newman MF, Ferguson TB, White JA, Ambrosio G, Koglin J, Nussmeier NA, Pearl RG, Pitt B, Wechsler AS, Weisel RD, Reece TL, Lira A, Harrington RA, RED-CABG Steering Committee and Investigators.
October 16, 2026
- SEARCH-PUBMED-aicar
PubMed/MED targeted search: TITLE_ABS:acadesine AND TITLE_ABS:randomized
October 16, 2026
- pdf01
PEPNEXA 2.pdf
October 16, 2026
- pdf02
ELLA PEPTIDES.pdf
October 16, 2026
- pdf03
zlz list 26.8.5.pdf
October 16, 2026
- pdf05
PEPNEXA.pdf
October 16, 2026
- pdf07
US Peptide MangerCorp(1).pdf
October 16, 2026
- pdf09
PeptideFactory.pdf
October 16, 2026