Identity and synonyms
Free base and acetate are distinct substances; retain exact formulation.
Synonyms: Bepecin · PL-14736 · PCO-02 (formulation)
Peptide or peptide-related · Peptide or peptide derivative
Detailed molecular class: Synthetic peptide
Supplied sequence or chemical reference
See identity note; no supplier sequence accepted as verification.
Mechanism
Repair-related signaling including FAK/paxillin in tendon experiments; a clinical target has not been established.
Evidence and critical reading
Reported scientific and empirical uses
Gut and barrier · Recovery and connective tissue
Handbooks describe oral use for intestinal complaints and subcutaneous use for recovery. These are different contexts: an intra-articular result does not verify oral or subcutaneous efficacy. The claimed benefit of administration near an injury also requires its own evidence.
Human evidence
BPC-157 remains experimental. Small uncontrolled human reports describe symptom improvement after knee-joint or bladder-wall administration, and a two-person intravenous pilot reported no adverse effects during brief observation. These findings do not establish tendon or cartilage regeneration, faster recovery, superiority to established treatment, or long-term safety. Older rectal studies reported at abstract level and newer trial registrations do not close those evidence gaps. Findings must remain specific to the molecule, formulation, route, population and outcome studied. Reported pain relief does not demonstrate structural repair, and the small BPC-157/TB4 subgroup does not establish combination synergy or equivalence to commercial TB-500 products. Scientific/expert review pending.
Preclinical evidence
Tendon-cell migration/survival and animal pharmacokinetics; species and route limit transfer.
Critical reading and limitations
Lee and Padgett (2021; PMID34324435) described 17 records and 16 contacted people: 11 of 12 receiving BPC-157 alone and 3 of 4 receiving BPC-157 plus material called TB4 self-reported improvement. There was no randomized comparator, validated functional scale or post-treatment repair imaging; the tiny nonrandomized groups cannot establish synergy or superiority. Lee, Walker and Ayadi (2024; PMID39325560) described 12 women receiving bladder-wall administration under cystoscopy, without a control/sham group or before-and-after biopsies; this does not validate oral or subcutaneous gut/tendon benefit. Lee and Burgess (2025; PMID40131143) described two previously exposed adults observed through day 3 with no adverse effects reported, not population or chronic safety. All three reports share a lead author and are not independent replications. FDA’s briefing prepared for PCAC July 23–24, 2026, including the May 11, 2026 evaluation, characterizes an older 53-person randomized ulcerative-colitis enema trial reported only as a meeting abstract (printed page 26), with insufficient detail to establish efficacy or safety; pages 39–43 discuss limited human safety, pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity and attribution. The older original abstracts were not directly retrieved in this review; this characterization is attributed to FDA, not to a drug label, final rule or approval. No convincing controlled human proof of accelerated tendon or cartilage repair was identified in this review. Trial registration/status does not validate sponsor conduct or establish published benefit; existing source-authentication holds remain.
Evidence applies to the exact molecule, formulation, route, population and endpoint studied. Supplier identity, purity and clinical equivalence are unverified.
Source-specific regimens
Descriptive source observations, not individual recommendations.
Regulatory product labeling
Listed regimens preserve source/context. An empty layer means no regimen attributable to this identity was verified in this review; it does not prove universal absence of data.
Human-study exposure
Listed regimens preserve source/context. An empty layer means no regimen attributable to this identity was verified in this review; it does not prove universal absence of data.
Empirical handbook
NOT A RECOMMENDATION.Each amount is attributed to the source identified for that entry: regulatory product labeling, human research, or community and practice sources. These source categories have different evidentiary roles. They are not medical advice, not a protocol, not a recommended or safe dose, and not evidence that it works. Do not use them to start, change or stop any treatment. Talk to a qualified healthcare professional.
Reported by Peptide Handbook — James B. LaValle, Gordon Crozier, Joseph P. Cleaver and Andrew Heyman
300–600 mcg · Total daily amount
- Frequency
- Daily
- Duration
- 30 days
- Route
- Subcutaneous
- Context
- Described general recovery.
- Presentation
- Solution: 2 mg/mL; vial: 5 mL, per source.
- Interpretation
- Does not validate efficacy or safety of this regimen; attributed to the handbook.
manual01 · Page 30 · October 16, 2026
NOT A RECOMMENDATION.Each amount is attributed to the source identified for that entry: regulatory product labeling, human research, or community and practice sources. These source categories have different evidentiary roles. They are not medical advice, not a protocol, not a recommended or safe dose, and not evidence that it works. Do not use them to start, change or stop any treatment. Talk to a qualified healthcare professional.
NOT A RECOMMENDATION.Each amount is attributed to the source identified for that entry: regulatory product labeling, human research, or community and practice sources. These source categories have different evidentiary roles. They are not medical advice, not a protocol, not a recommended or safe dose, and not evidence that it works. Do not use them to start, change or stop any treatment. Talk to a qualified healthcare professional.
Reported by Peptide Handbook — James B. LaValle, Gordon Crozier, Joseph P. Cleaver and Andrew Heyman
500 mcg · Total daily amount
- Frequency
- Daily
- Duration
- 30 days
- Route
- Oral
- Context
- Described intestinal use; no validation of “leaky gut” as a universal indication.
- Presentation
- Not stated on selected page.
- Interpretation
- Does not validate efficacy or safety of this regimen; attributed to the handbook.
manual01 · Page 30 · October 16, 2026
NOT A RECOMMENDATION.Each amount is attributed to the source identified for that entry: regulatory product labeling, human research, or community and practice sources. These source categories have different evidentiary roles. They are not medical advice, not a protocol, not a recommended or safe dose, and not evidence that it works. Do not use them to start, change or stop any treatment. Talk to a qualified healthcare professional.
Regulation and safety
Jurisdiction-specific regulatory context
US: not a component of an FDA-approved drug in the 2026 assessment. Advisory review is not approval.
Adverse effects and unknowns
Long-term harms and drug interactions remain poorly characterized. FDA identifies identity/impurity and immunogenicity concerns.
Contraindications
See supported safety statements and exact product label; a complete contraindication set has not been established for this catalog material.
A complete list must match the exact authorized product. For experimental materials without verified human labeling, a complete contraindication set is not established here. No list does not mean safety.
Interactions
Only explicitly cited interactions may be asserted; unstudied combinations remain unknown, not interaction-free.
Separate documented interaction, pharmacologic plausibility and unknown interaction. Absence of a blend trial does not establish compatibility.
Studies and trials
Selected studies
PMID34324435 · Uncontrolled retrospective series
Knee pain; telephone follow-up in 16 people.
Intra-articular; BPC alone or BPC+Tβ4.
Subjective pain improvement was reported.
No comparator, validated functional scales or repair imaging; combination in four cases.
n = 17
PMID40131143 · Uncontrolled safety pilot
Two previously exposed adults.
Intravenous
No events reported during brief follow-up.
Cannot estimate population safety, prolonged exposure or uncommon events.
n = 2
PMID21030672 · Preclinical study
Rat tendon explants and fibroblasts.
Experimental ex vivo/in vitro.
Migration, survival and FAK/paxillin signaling changes.
No human clinical outcomes.
Trials attributed in the package
NCT02637284 · PCO-02 - Safety and Pharmacokinetics TrialRegistry status: UnknownLast update posted: December 22, 2015Query verification: October 16, 2026
NCT07803250 · Impact of BPC-157 on Recovery Following Rotator Cuff Repair SurgeryRegistry status: Not yet recruitingLast update posted: September 3, 2026Query verification: October 16, 2026
NCT07752381 · A Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Effects of Peptide Gummies on Markers of Inflammation, Physical Performance, and RecoveryRegistry status: CompletedLast update posted: August 7, 2026Query verification: October 16, 2026
Trial registration does not establish efficacy or validate commercial material.
Query candidates; attribution pending
BPC-157 · 4 unfiltered query results, not authenticated trials
Query verification: October 16, 2026
Exact phrase intervention query; first three most recently updated records, not exhaustive. Aliases may be missed and heterogeneous products may appear. The total is the unfiltered registry query count, not authenticated trials. Source-integrity holds are excluded from ordinary listings.
View trial registry queryNCT07803250 · Impact of BPC-157 on Recovery Following Rotator Cuff Repair SurgeryRegistry status: Not yet recruitingLast update posted: September 3, 2026Query verification: October 16, 2026
NCT07752381 · A Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Effects of Peptide Gummies on Markers of Inflammation, Physical Performance, and RecoveryRegistry status: CompletedLast update posted: August 7, 2026Query verification: October 16, 2026
Source issues and references
Calling a synergy “documented” does not itself supply a clinical combination trial. · manual05 · Page 8
Registry record NCT07437547 is held for independent source-integrity verification because it shares a sponsor with records that explicitly describe mock, fictional or example studies. This association does not prove this record false; it is not accepted as authenticated clinical evidence here. · NCT07437547
References include queries and bibliographic handbook attributions; not all are clinical studies. Human review remains pending.
- REVIEW03-PMID34324435
- REVIEW03-PMID39325560
Lee, Walker & Ayadi — 2024 uncontrolled bladder-wall BPC-157 report
- REVIEW03-PMID40131143
- REVIEW03-FDA-PCAC2026
FDA — BPC-157 briefing for PCAC July 23–24, 2026; evaluation May 11, 2026
- PMID21030672
Chang CH, Tsai WC, Lin MS, Hsu YH, Pang JH.
October 16, 2026
- PMID34324435
Intra-Articular Injection of BPC 157 for Multiple Types of Knee Pain.
Lee E, Padgett B.
October 16, 2026
- PMID36588717
He L, Feng D, Guo H, Zhou Y, Li Z, Zhang K, Zhang W, Wang S, Wang Z, Hao Q, Zhang C, Gao Y, Gu J, Zhang Y, Li W, Li M.
October 16, 2026
- PMID40131143
Safety of Intravenous Infusion of BPC157 in Humans: A Pilot Study.
Lee E, Burgess K.
October 16, 2026
- R01
- R07
- R08
- R09
- manual01
Peptide Handbook — James B. LaValle, Gordon Crozier, Joseph P. Cleaver and Andrew Heyman
James B. LaValle; Gordon Crozier; Joseph P. Cleaver; Andrew Heyman
October 16, 2026
Bibliographic attribution only. The supplied handbook is a secondary empirical practice source, not clinical verification. Private source files and supplier/download destinations are not provided here.
- manual05
4.pdf
October 16, 2026
- pdf01
PEPNEXA 2.pdf
October 16, 2026
- pdf02
ELLA PEPTIDES.pdf
October 16, 2026
- pdf03
zlz list 26.8.5.pdf
October 16, 2026
- pdf05
PEPNEXA.pdf
October 16, 2026
- pdf07
US Peptide MangerCorp(1).pdf
October 16, 2026
- pdf09
PeptideFactory.pdf
October 16, 2026
- NCT07437547
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT07437547 — source-integrity review hold
October 18, 2026